2024 Vol.5
Policy Design and Planning Practice of Affordable Housing
International Comparison and Enlightenment of Affordable Housing Policy Mode
Abstract: The American model, the European welfare state model, the mixed model, and the Southeast Asian welfare state model are the four major international affordable housing policy models. Through comparative research, it is believed that there are significant differences among the four models in terms of evolution, background conditions, policy measures, implementation effects, advantages and disadvantages. The following enlightenments are drawn. Establishing and improving the corresponding laws and regulations is an important guarantee for the implementation of affordable housing policies. The formation of multi-level and diversified security is an important idea of affordable housing policies. Emphasizing the participation of social forces is an important measure for achieving sustainable development of affordable housing. Strengthening financial innovation and risk prevention is the focus of designing affordable housing policies. Paying attention to the combination of affordable housing policies and other related economic and social policies is an important way to enlarge the effect of affordable housing policies.
The New Model and Policy Response of Affordable Housing Construction in China: From the Perspective of the Evolution of State-Market-Society Relationship
Abstract: The construction of affordable housing is an important measure to solve the problems of people's livelihoods and promote the healthy development of society and economy. At present, under the macro-socio-economic background of the major changes in the supply and demand relationship of the real estate market and the financial burden brought by the government, combined with the idea of "accelerating the construction of a new model of real estate development and increasing the construction and supply of affordable housing" at the national level, this paper reviews the phased characteristics of China's affordable housing construction from the perspective of state-market-society relationship. This paper discusses the practical challenges faced by housing construction in China, and further puts forward that we should adjust the state-market-society relationship, and respond to them in multi-cooperation and co-construction mode. Specifically, in the context of national strategies, such as urban renewal and rural revitalization, multiple approaches are taken to solve the problem of shortage of affordable housing, innovative planning control measures are taken to encourage multi-agent to fully participate in affordable housing construction and community governance, and supporting policies such as land finance, taxation, financial laws and regulations are improved to ensure the orderly operation of the housing market.
Analysis of the Difficulties and Countermeasures for the Operational Management of Affordable Housing in Shanghai
Abstract: This article briefly analyzes the current situation of the operation and management of affordable property rights housing and affordable rental housing in Shanghai, focusing on the difficulties in the operation and management of affordable rental housing in Shanghai. Issues such as balancing targeted supply and fair resource allocation, affordability for tenants and sustainability for enterprises, long-term stable leases, and the circular use of housing resources are addressed. It proposes that the operation and management of affordable rental housing in Shanghai should under the premise of planning guidance, adhere to government guidance, enterprise participation, be people-oriented and sustainable, and properly handle the relationship between the government and the market, and costs and benefits. By establishing a supply-demand docking operation and management service mechanism, innovating sustainable funding guarantee mechanisms, strengthening the coordinated management of urban and district departments, and building a community governance pattern of co-construction, co-governance and sharing, multiple measures should be taken to improve the level of operation and management services.
A Study of Large-scale Communities' Social Integration Characteristics from the Perspective of Community Living Circles
Abstract: Since the 2001 Shanghai Comprehensive Plan, Shanghai has developed a program for building large-scale affordable communities in order to carry out the national affordable housing policy. Shanghai has gained a great lot of expertise in the planning and construction of affordable housing, population importation, and community governance over a period of more than 20 years, despite certain remaining problems. This study uses the community living circle—which is based on residents' everyday activities—as the analytical unit to examine the social integration characteristic of large-scale communities from both internal and exterior aspects. First, this study discovers that most large-scale community bases have been integrated with surrounding residential districts or villages by comparing the overlap between the boundaries of these communities and those of community living circles. This means that affordable housing within these large-scale communities has not formed a completely isolated island. Secondly, the community living circles within large-scale communities can be divided into four categories based on housing mix. The majority of these categories are represented by the community living circle, which consists of both affordable and commercial housing. Social integration primarily takes place between these two housing types. Additionally, commercial and educational facilities are essential for promoting social integration.
Evaluation of Supply and Demand Matching of Community Life Circle in Large Residential Community in Shanghai Based on Housing Type: A Case Study of Nanqiao Large Residential Community in Fengxian District
Abstract: Under the new context of integrated development of "people, city and industry", it is necessary to conduct a more precise assessment and optimization of the supply-demand relationship for the future development of community life circle in large residential communities in Shanghai. This study focuses on residential plots and community units with different housing types, using the two-step floating catchment area method and social network analysis to evaluate the match between supply and demand within community living circles oriented towards convenience accessibility and activity support. The paper proposes a targeted supply strategy meeting human needs of different housing types. On the basis of "small-scale gathering and large-scale mixed living mode", an integrated development system for community life circles including "Da Ju Hui, Xiao Ju Hui, Lin Ju Hui, Qi Ju Hui" is further advanced.
The Development and Implications of Hong Kong's Temporary Social Housing: A Temporary Urbanism Perspective
Abstract: Chinese megacities face dual challenges of escalating housing prices and limited developable land resources. While central policies aim to increase affordable housing supply, innovative space utilisation and diverse provision channels are urgently needed. Hong Kong, grappling with a housing-induced governance crisis, has been exploring "temporary" social housing solutions to address shortages in traditional public rental housing. We posit that temporality, as a spatiotemporal strategy, can increase housing supply, enhance public service provision efficiency, and promote diverse stakeholder participation, offering a fresh perspective for the diversification of China's social housing system. This paper examines Hong Kong's "temporary" social housing initiatives through the lens of temporary urbanism by reviewing their policy contexts and development trajectories. We compare traditional public rental housing with two temporary schemes – transitional housing and light public housing – in terms of the temporary use of space for project delivery and temporary supply of social housing, based on which we offer policy implications on the application and benefits of temporality as a spatiotemporal integration strategy.