健康街道设计的理论、方法与实践
Theory, Method and Practice of Healthy Street Design
葛 岩
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生 上海市城市规划设计研究院 重大办副主任，高级工程师
蔡纯婷
上海市城市规划设计研究院 工程师，硕士
沈 璇
上海市城市规划设计研究院 工程师 英国卡迪夫大学威尔士建筑学院 博士研究生
摘要: 新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19，以下简称“新冠肺炎”）疫情的大暴发引发了全国对城市公共健康的高度关注，解决城市
健康问题需要城市空间策略的积极应对。街道是城市中最重要的公共空间，从促进居民健康的视角研究街道设计的概念
内涵、方法流程、评估监测等内容，对当下的中国乃至全球都具有积极意义。在研究梳理健康街道相关概念的基础上，提出
广义和狭义健康街道的内涵以及健康街道设计的定义，总结健康街道核心要素及其对公众健康的影响、对应的设计策略
和相关政策要点。选取加拿大、英国、美国等国的健康街道设计报告作为研究对象，归纳出开展大量基础研究、构建多层次
目标体系、制定设计指引而非强制性标准、多元化设计方法及多维度统筹协同等可借鉴经验，并将其应用于我国团体标准
《街道设计指南》中，希望为推动健康街道设计发挥积极作用。
Abstract: The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has aroused great attention to urban public health in China. To solve the problems of
public health needs the active response of urban space strategies. The street is the most important public space in the city. From
the perspective of promoting residents' health, it is of positive significance for China and even the world to study the concept
connotation, method process, evaluation and monitoring of street design. On the basis of research and sorting out the related
concepts of the healthy street, this paper puts forward the connotation of the healthy street in the broad and narrow sense and
the definition of healthy street design, summarizes the core elements of healthy street, impacts of elements on public health,
corresponding design strategies and relevant policies. The healthy street design reports from Canada, the United Kingdom,
the United States and other countries are selected as the research objects, and conducting a large number of basic research,
building a multi-level objective system, developing design guidelines rather than mandatory standards, promoting diversified
design methods and multi-dimensional coordination and other experience can be used for reference. This paper applies these
experiences to the street design guide in China, hoping to promote the healthy street design to play an active role.
关键词：健康街道；设计方法；设计指南；团体标准
Keyword: healthy street; design method; design guide; group standard
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
美国全球城市设计倡议协会. 全球街道设计指南
[M]. 南京：江苏科学技术出版社，2018.
Global Urban Design Initiative. Global street design
guide[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology
Press, 2018.
World Health Organization. Constitution of the World
Health Organization[M]//WHO basic documents.
Geneva: World Health Organization, 1994.
HANCOCK T, DUHL L. Promoting health in the
urban context[M]. Copenhagen: FADL, 1988.
吕飞. 健康城市建设对策研究[D]. 哈尔滨：哈尔滨
工业大学，2006：13-30.
LYU Fei. Research on countermeasures of healthy
city construction[D]. Harbin: Harbin University of
Technology, 2006: 13-30.
HOFSTAD H. Healthy urban planning: ambitions,practices and prospects in a Norwegian context[J].
Planning Theory & Practice, 2011, 12(3): 387-406.
FORSYTH A, SLOTTERBACK C S, KRIZEK K.
Health impact assessment (HIA) for planners[J].
Journal of Planning Literature, 2010, 24(3): 231-245.
OLU O. Resilient health system as conceptual
framework for strengthening public health disaster
risk management: an African viewpoint[J]. Frontiers
in Public Health, 2017, 5(5): 263.
SAUNDERS L. Healthy streets[EB/OL]. (2019)
[2020-03-04]. https://mosurbanforum.ru/upload/
iblock/d25/d25974cee98cf1db3c043293f9889b6a.
pdf.
DRANE M, CARMICHAEL L. Typologies of
knowledge for healthy streets: the need for an
interdisciplinary paradigm for public health and
design practice[C]//Proceedings of City Street 3,
2018.
SAUMEL I, WEBER F, KOWARIK I. Toward
livable and healthy urban streets: roadside vegetation
provides ecosystem services where people live and
move[J]. Environmental Science & Policy, 2016,
62(8): 24-33.
杰森·科尔本. 迈向健康城市[M]. 王兰，译. 上海：
同济大学出版社，2019.
COLE J. Towards a healthy city[M]. WANG Lan,
translate. Shanghai: Tongji University Press, 2019.
OKE R T. Street design and urban canopy layer
climate[J]. Energy and Buildings, 1988, 11(1-3): 103-
113.
BURDEN D. Street design guidelines for healthy
neighborhoods[R]. 1999.
Toronto Public Health. Healthy streets design features
and benefits[R]. 2014.
ChangeLab Solutions. A guide to building healthy
streets[R]. 2016.
葛岩，祁艳，唐雯，等. 街道复兴：需求导向的街
道设计导则编制实践与思考[J]. 城市规划学刊，
2019（2）：90-98.
GE Yan, QI Yan, TANG Wen, et al. Street
rejuvenation: practice and reflection on the
compilation of demand-oriented street design
guidelines[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2019(2): 90-98.
