基于大数据与网络分析的长三角城市群识别研究*

Study on the Identification of Urban Agglomerations in the Yangtze River Delta Based on Big Data and Network Analysis

甄茂成
清华大学建筑学院 博士后

阚长城
百度时代网络技术(北京)有限公司 硕士,资深研发工程师 百度慧眼技术架构师

党安荣(通信作者)
清华大学建筑学院 教授,博士生导师 清华大学人居环境信息实验室 主任

摘要: 通过百度迁徙大数据,运用城市空间联系强度分析方法和复杂网络分析方法,构建了长三角城市群中的城际出行网络模型,测度并分析其空间结构。结果显示:(1)城际出行网络形成“东强西弱、南北均衡”的格局态势,并形成以合肥、南京、上海、杭州、宁波为主的多中心辐射格局特征。(2)长三角城市群的人口城际出行网络分布上呈现“一大三小”的多中心网络空间格局,上海、南京、杭州和合肥4个节点城市在整个网络中处于绝对主导地位。(3)长三角各个城市在中心性、结构洞水平、核心—边缘结构等指标方面表现出较大的差异性。整体来看,上海、南京、杭州的网络地位较高,铜陵、宣城、池州、滁州、金华、台州、舟山等的网络地位较低。(4)基于城际人口出行数据的长三角城市群空间结构,可以分为以上海、南京、杭州和合肥为中心的4个城市体系。

Abstract: Based on the Baidu migration big data, by using the urban spatial connection analysis method and the complexity network analysis tools, this paper constructs the model of population flow network in urban agglomerations, and measures and analyzes the characteristics of the complex structure of the network. The research result shows that: (1) The population mobility network formed a migration pattern “strong in the east and weak in the west, balanced in the south and north” which is characterized by multi-center radiation pattern dominated by Hefei, Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Ningbo. (2) The whole network presents an obvious multi-core network pattern which contains “one hubs and three subcenters”. The four node cities of Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Hefei are absolutely dominant in the whole network. (3) Each city shows great differences in indicators such as centrality, structural hole level, and core-edge structure. On the whole, Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou have higher network status, while Tongling, Xuancheng, Chizhou, Chuzhou, Jinhua, Taizhou and Zhoushan have lower network status. (4) Based on the intercity population migration data, the spatial structure of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations can be divided into four urban systems with Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Hefei as the centers.

关键词:长三角;大数据;城市群;百度迁徙;城际出行

Keyword: Yangtze River Delta; big data; urban agglomeration; Baidu migration; intercity travel

中图分类号:TU981

文献标识码: A

资金资助

政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项 “数字城市规划新技术研发” 2017YFE0118600

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