英美地区田园郊区运动简史及其启示
Garden Suburb Movement in British and American Area and Its Reference
乔 鑫
北京北达城市规划设计研究院 工程师 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生
摘要: 田园郊区运动起源于18世纪末的英国，19世纪在欧美等国广泛流传，主要可以划分为3个阶段：一是在英国的起源阶段，二是在英国的发展成熟阶段，三是在美国的发展演化阶段。20世纪40年代，由于技术进步、政府干预、社会需求、分区规划、专业人员的变化等因素的共同作用，追求高密度、步行尺度的田园郊区被低密度、依赖私人交通的郊区蔓延所取代。20世纪70年代后，田园郊区运动的理念被重新应用于城市旧区更新及郊区社区营造中。对于乡村性特征的保留以及对于社区感的追求，是田园郊区运动的核心思想。
Abstract: Garden suburb movement, a type that has its roots in late-eighteenth-century England, flourished in England and the United States in the nineteenth century, then became an international phenomenon in the first two decades of the twentieth century. The impact of the garden suburb gradually diminished between the two world wars, but this type of community is now being revalued and reestablished as a development model as part of New Urbanism’s Traditional Town Movement. Rurality and the sense of community are the most significant factors in the garden suburb movement.
关键词：田园郊区、 乡村性、 社区感
Keyword: Garden suburb， Rurality，The sense of community
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
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