解读上海公共交通的日常景观
Reading the Everyday Landscape of Public Transport in Shanghai
华 夏
新加坡国立大学 设计与环境学院 博士研究生
摘要: 如何提升效率是当前大多数与交通相关的城市研究的研究重心。从宏观上来说，这一重心体现在将城市交通看作一个精密构建的系统。从微观上来说，这一重心体现在以提升效率为主要目的的城市交通设施的规划设计中。然而在日常实践中，交通活动是与城市其他方面紧密结合在一起的。通过研究发现，不仅仅地方历史性因素在城市交通发展中扮演了重要的角色，日常生活中与出行行为相关联的社会角色也在不断地重塑城市交通的日常景观。为城市勾勒新交通发展愿景的规划师应当认识到，无论发展道路如何，日常生活实践是城市交通地景的直接塑造者。
Abstract: Improving the efficiency has long been the emphasis of transport-related urban studies. At the macro level, urban transport activity has been perceived as a delicately designed and maintained system. At the micro level, efficiency has been one main focus in most transport related urban planning and design. However, in everyday practice, the traveling activity has always been linked to and affected by many other urban dimensions. This article attempts to indicate that not only particular historical context contributes to transport development at the local, local actors also continually shape and reshape the landscape of urban traveling in their daily life. No matter where the urban future development goes, planners shall acknowledge that the everyday practitioner is always the immediate contributor to the urban landscape.
关键词：城市交通、日常生活、规划实践、城市权利
Keyword: Urban transport，Everyday life，Planning practice ， Right to the city
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
[1]黄健中.1980年代以来我国特大城市居民出行分析[J]. 城市规划学刊，2005（3）：71-75.
HUANG Jianzhong. Analysis on the characteristics of resident trip in Chinese mega-cities since 1980s [J]. Urban Planning Forum，2005 (3): 71-75.
[2]邵丹，薛美根. 公共利益导向下的理性选择——上海交通政策30年发展沿革（1986—2016） [J]. 城市交通，2017（3）：1-6.
SHAO Dan, XUE Meigen. Rational choice under public interest: evolution of Shanghai transportation policies from 1986 to 2016 [J]. Urban Transport of China, 2017 (3): 1-6.
[3]LEFEBVRE H. Critique of everyday life [M]. New York, London: Verso, 1991.
[4]LEFEBVRE H. The urban revolution [M]. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press，2003.
[5]周雨阳，赵倩阳，陈艳艳，等.都市圈长距离公交通勤出行规律感知与分析——以燕郊北京为例[C]//2016年中国城市交通规划年会论文集.深圳：中国城市规划学会城市交通规划学术委员会，2016:1026-1035.
ZHOU Yuyang, ZHAO Qianyang, CHEN Yanyan, et al. Research of long distance public transport commuting practice in metropolitan region: in case of Beijing Yanjiao [C]//Proceedings of 2016 China urban public transport planning annual conference. Shenzhen: Urban Transport Committee in Urban Planning Society of China, 2016: 1026-1035.
[6]刘宗禹.“大数据”在交通规划中的冷思考——以上海交通规划应用为例[J]. 上海城市管理，2017（3）： 62-66.
LIU Zongyu. Cool thinking of big data in traffic planning [J]. Shanghai Urban Management，2017(3): 62-66.
[7]许笑冰. 上海轨道交通9号线虹梅路综合交通枢纽设计[J]. 城市轨道交通研究，2008（4）：41-43.
XU Xiaobing. Design of the integrated transportation hub of Shanghai URT line 9 [J]. Urban Mass Transit，2018(4): 41-43.
[8]李继成. 早高峰出站客流量上海第四地铁漕河泾站下周启用[EB/OL]. (2015-03-16) [2017-12-28].http://sh.eastday.com/m/20160220/u1a9225621.html.
LI Jicheng. Ranked No.4 in morning rush hour, Caohejing station reopens next week [EB/OL]. (2015-03-16) [2017-12-28]. http://sh.eastday.com/m/20160220/u1a9225621.html.
[9]LYNCH K. The image of the city[M]. Cambridge: Technology Press, 1960.
[10]潘海啸. 上海城市交通政策的顶层设计思考[J].城市规划学刊，2012（1）：102-107.
PAN Haixiao. Surper structure design for Shanghai’s urban transport policy[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2012(1): 102-107.
[11]ZHANG L. Strangers in the city: reconfigurations of space，power，and social networks within China’s floating population [M]. Stanford: Stanford University Press，2001.
[12]POW C P. Gated communities in China: class，privilege and the moral politics of the good life [M]. New York: Routledge，2009.
[13]HIRSH M. Airport urbanism: infrastructure and mobility in Asia [M]. London，Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press，2016.
[14]许志榕. 上海住职关系和通勤特征分析研究——基于轨道交通客流数据视角[J].上海城市规划，2016（2）：114-121.
XU Zhirong. Study on job-housing relationship and characteristic of commuting in Shanghai: based on the perspective of rail transit passenger flow data [J]. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, 2016(2): 114-121.
