自行车在多模式交通体系中的平衡作用与 规划策略*
The Balance Effect of Bike in Multimodal Urban Transport System
潘海啸
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师 世界交通运输研究会 常务理事
摘要: 首先回顾了中国自行车交通的发展历程及学术界对城市自行车交通的再认识。由于一直采取控制用地无序扩展的集约型规划策略，我国城市的密度普遍较高，对自行车的使用仍有很大的亲和力。通过对已有研究的总结和对调查数据的分析，论述了自行车对平衡轨道交通客流分布不均衡性，以及平衡停车需求与停车设施的供给空间分布不均衡性的作用。指出自行车是绿色多模式交通体系中不可或缺的平衡因子，自行车可以使轨道交通更好地发挥骨干作用，也为城市提供了更广谱的绿色交通选择。
Abstract: This paper firstly reviews the development history of bicycle transport in China and the recognition of the importance of bicycle transport in Chinese cities. For long time urban planning strategy has been trying to control low density urban sprawl, but we still keep high-density in Chinese cities. There is a great potential to take the advantage of bicycle in commuting and in our daily life. Based on the survey and literature review, we analyze the function of bicycle transport in balancing the uneven rail passenger flow in city center and suburban area, as well as the function of balancing the spatial unbalance in parking demand and supply. It is pointed out that bicycle could greatly support the function of rail transit as the backbone of urban transport system. It is an indispensable balance factor in multimodal green urban transport system. With well serviced bicycle transport system, people will have more green transport choices in a wide range of travelling.
关键词：自行车、 多模式交通、 停车、 轨道交通
Keyword: Bicycle，Multimodal transport，Parking ，Rail transit
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “多模式绿色交通导向的城市空间布局优化与调控研究” 51478320
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