韩国城市的“旧村改造”与“社区共同体”重建* ——昌原市芦山洞的案例

Residents Participating in Urban Renewal and Re-establishment of Community: A Case Study on Village Regeneration of Nosandong at Changwon City in Korea

朴成銀[韩国]
釜山广域市都市再生支援中心 博士，支援中心组长

李仁熙[韩国]
韩国釜山大学建筑学院 教授

张 立（通讯作者）
同济大学城市规划系 副教授

摘要: 旧城更新是城市化中后期阶段的重要工作。韩国近年来开始了居民参与下的再生更新的发展尝试，值得中国借鉴。与以 往的更新改造只重视物质空间建设不同，芦山洞社区居民通过“社区企业”这一平台自助推进项目实施，以及实施再生 规划来解决社区发展问题，并重建了社区共同体。芦山洞项目为其他旧城更新，尤其是旧村改造提供了借鉴。详细介绍初 级阶段、关注阶段、发展阶段和稳定阶段的变化过程和实施方案。针对各个阶段，可以将社区企业这一社区共同体的运作 经验总结为7大领域：①不同阶层的居民参与；②挖掘本地资源；③开展居民主导型活动；④运营社区中心（乡村企业办公 室）；⑤销售多种产品（参与教育课程）；⑥利益还原（支援弱势群体、房屋维修）；⑦拓展销路（乡镇企业2号店——图书 咖啡馆）。随着居民们的关注和参与度提高，这一更新项目的性质（关注—参与—物理更新—综合更新）也在发生变化， 其标志为居民的主导性越来越强。

Abstract: Inner city construction is an important topic at the post-industrial period. Only in recent years, urban regeneration began to be tried in Korea. The regeneration project of Nosandong village is different with traditional ones which pay much attention on physical spatial construction. It launches local residents to participate in the regeneration project, to solve community development problems and reestablish the community successfully. Nosandong is a good model for Chinese urban village regeneration and urban renewal projects. This paper examines its changing courses of each stage (periods of introduction, interest, growth, and settlement) and concludes seven directions: ①①participation of residents in various classes, ②to find regional resources, ③to spread resident-led projects, ④to run community center (village company office), ⑤to sell various products (participate in education course),⑥to return profits (support vulnerable social group), ⑦to develop markets (No.2 village company - book cafe). As interest and participation of residents increase, project nature (interest - participation - physical recycling - integrated recycling) will be converted accordingly, and the project begins to be operated by residents.

关键词：城市更新、旧村改造、社区重建、居民参与

Keyword: Urban regeneration， Old village renewal ， Community re-establishment， Residents participating

中图分类号：TU981

文献标识码: A

资金资助

国家自然科学基金 “人口高流注释 出地区小城镇发展的动力机制和发展策略” 51208362

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