基于GIS的上海郊区大型社区公共设施空间布局 评析*
Analysis on the Spatial Layout of Public Facilities in Large Communities in Shanghai Suburb Based on GIS
张 萍
同济大学交通运输工程学院 同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室 讲师，博士
宋吉祥
上海师范大学旅游学院 硕士研究生
摘要: 围绕推进保障性住房建设，上海开始推进量大面广的大型社区规划和建设。利用POI数据，借助ArcGIS空间分析方法，量
化研究郊区大型社区实际形成的公共设施空间布局特征，并与中心城社区进行对比分析。结果表明，社区公共设施的实际
空间布局形态基本是沿着社区道路集聚的“廊道型”或“网络型”开放式布局，和社区内轨道站点的关系较弱。同时在
总体布局形态下，餐饮、便利店、理发店、商场等设施倾向于“集聚布局”，果品店、蔬菜市场、超级市场、银行等设施倾向于
“集聚+分散布局”，中学、小学、幼儿园、社区卫生中心等设施倾向于“分散布局”。对实际形成的社区公共设施空间布局进
行评析，为后续大型社区规划提供了研究基础。
Abstract: Around the promotion of affordable housing construction, Shanghai began to promote a wide range of large-scale community
planning and construction. This paper takes POI as base data and uses GIS spatial analysis method to study quantitatively on the
spatial layout characteristics of public facilities in suburban large communities, and then compares with communities in central
city. The results show that there are differences between the actual spatial layout and the theoretical layout of community public
facilities, which are basically open layouts gathered along the community roads like 'corridor' or 'network', and the relationship with
the railway stations in the community is weak. At the same time, in the overall layout, restaurants, convenience stores, barber shops,
and shopping malls tend to gather together; fruit shops, vegetable markets, supermarkets, and banks tend to gather and scatter; middle
schools, primary schools, kindergartens, and community health centers tend to decentralized. This paper evaluates the spatial layout
of community public facilities in reality, providing a research foundation for the follow-up planning of large-scale communities.
关键词：郊区、社区公共设施、 GIS、 空间布局
Keyword: Suburbs，Neighborhood facilities，GIS， Spatial layout
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “基于活动行为的郊区保障性社区公共服务设施空间布局模式研究——以上海为例” 51378358
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