基于路径选择行为的自行车出行环境评价和改善*

Evaluation and Improvement of Bicycle Travel Environment Based on the Cycling Route Choice Behavior

潘晖婧
江苏省城市规划设计研究院 规划师, 硕士

王德
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院, 同济大学建筑与城市规划高等研究所, 城市空间与行为分析技术创新团队教授, 研究员, 博士生导师

朱玮
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院, 同济大学建筑与城乡规划高等研究院, 城市空间与行为分析技术创新团队 副教授, 副研究员, 硕士生导师

摘要: 提供良好的自行车出行环境是促进自行车出行的一个重要方面。本文通过研究骑行者的路径选择行为,得到人们对环境要素的偏好规律,以此为基础探讨评价和改善自行车出行环境的方法。运用叙述性偏好法(简称SP)对骑行者进行虚拟路径选择调查,应用离散选择模型量化各要素对路径评价的影响程度。结果表明,骑行者最关注的环境要素为自行车道类型、机动车车流量、机非隔离设施、机动车路边停车和街道景观。不同出行目的的人群对出行环境偏好差异显著。基于模型结果,在上海市杨浦区某地区进行规划应用,评价路段出行环境,并以出行环境效用提升最大化目标,提出出行环境改善建议。

Abstract: Good travel environment for cycling is an important aspect for promoting bicycle use. By studying cyclers’ route choice behavior, this research derives people’s preferences on the environmental factors, which serves as a base for evaluating and improving bicycle travel environment. Stated preference (SP) method is used for the survey of virtual route choice behavior and a discrete choice is formulated to quantify the influence of the relevant factors on the route evaluation. The results indicate that among the relevant factors, lane type, traffic volume, separation facility, on-street parking and streetscape are the most important factors for the cyclists. Estimating the models on different cycler groups by travel purposes reveals significant preference differences. Based on the results, a study area in Yangpu District, Shanghai is chosen for application, where the status quo of the routes’ travel environments evaluated and suggestions of promoting the environment are given in the target of maximizing the travel environment utility.

关键词:自行车出行环境、路径选择、叙述性偏好法、离散选择模型、评价、改善、上海杨浦区

Keyword: Bicycle travel environment, Route choice, Stated preference method, Discrete choice model, Evaluation, Improvement, Shanghai Yangpu District

中图分类号:TU981

文献标识码: A

资金资助

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目,“城市居民使用公共自行车的决策研究”,批准号: 51108323。中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目,“基于叙述性偏好法的城市慢行环境优化研究”。上海同济城市规划设计研究院科研项目,“城市道路自行车骑行环境评价与优化方法研究” KY-2013-E02

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