转型中国的城市社区治理研究*
Community Governance in Transitional Urban China
陈广宇
南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生
摘要: 社区是现代城市的重要组成部分，也是社会治理的重要基础和载体。国内社区经历了“单位制”、“街居制”和“社区制”3个历史阶段。伴随着我国社会经济的转型发展，其治理模式也呈现出多元化的趋势。目前我国城市社区治理主要有从封闭走向半市场化的原单位社区，政府、市场与社会多元治理主体共存的商品房社区以及政府管理为主、市场为辅的安置保障房社区3种类型。然而，当前社区治理在实践层面却存在着一定问题，包括城市基层政府定位不明、权责模糊，社区自治组织权力受限、功能难以发挥，各组织间矛盾突出以及居民治理参与热情低等。因此就社区规划转型入手，从政府、社会以及居民3个方向提出了相关改善建议。
Abstract: Community, playing a significant role in modern city, is regarded as an important foundation as well as carrier of social governance. Domestic community has experienced three historical stages, namely Unit Pattern, Street & Neighborhood Pattern, and Community Pattern. Along with the transition and development of China's social economy, there is a diverse trend in community governance model. At present, there are three main types of urban community governance. The first is original unit community governance transiting from closed to semi-market; the second is multiple-stakeholders’ commercial housing community governance with the coexistence of government, market, and society; and the third is resettlement community governance driven by government and supplemented by market. However, there are some practical problems in community governance, such as ambiguous positioning and obscure rights and responsibilities of government, limited power and ineffective functions of self-governance organizations in community, contradictions among organizations, and residents' low participating enthusiasm in governance. So this paper tries to provide suggestions, from perspectives of government, society, and residents, to ameliorate current situations.
关键词：社区、治理、转型
Keyword: Community， Governance，Transition
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
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