积极老龄化背景下的大城市养老设施规划研究——以广州市社区嵌入式养老服务机构规划为例
Research on the Planning of Elderly Facilities in Mega-cities under the Back-ground of Active Aging: A Case Study of the Planning of Community-embedded Elderly Care Service Institutions in Guangzhou
黎均文
广州市城市规划设计有限公司规划研究所所长，城市设计所所长
陈诺思
广州市城市规划设计有限公司规划研究所副所长兼所总工程师
袁 媛
中山大学地理科学与规划学院教授，博士，博士生导师
陈玉洁（通信作者）
南京邮电大学人口研究院 讲师，博士南京师范大学地理科学学院 博士后chenyujie@njupt.edu.cn
摘要: 积极老龄化背景下，满足老年人需求的养老服务设施规划是建设老年友好城市的关键。以广州市为例，一方面人口老龄化处于加速阶段，呈现“老城区集聚、远郊区分散”格局；另一方面存在养老设施供需困境。基于广州市城乡老年人口的问卷调研和访谈，老年人对居家和社区养老的需求远高于机构养老。广州探索社区嵌入式养老服务设施规划，以社区为载体，整合机构、社区、居家“三位一体”的综合型养老的服务资源，充分利用现有福利设施等公共服务设施及存量和闲置的社会资源，优化空间布局。基于用地保障、配套建设和行动主体探讨长效机制。以期为大城市社区养老设施规划提供研究基础和规划借鉴。
Abstract: Under the background of active aging, how to meet the diversified elderly care service needs is a key issue in building age-friendly cities. This research takes Guangzhou as an example. In recent years, population aging has been in an accelerated stage, and the distribution of the elderly presents the spatial pattern of "agglomeration in old urban areas and dispersion in outer suburbs". Furthermore, there is a dilemma in the supply and demand of elderly care facilities. Based on the demographic data, and 1 061 questionnaires and 60 interviews from the 2019 Guangzhou Urban and Rural Elderly Population Questionnaire, the research finds that the needs of the elderly for home and community-based elderly care are much higher than those for institutional care. Guangzhou's community-embedded elderly care service refers to a comprehensive elderly care service resource that integrates institutions, communities and homes, taking the community as the carrier and making full use of existing welfare facilities, other public service facilities stock and idle social resources for construction, and guiding the spatial layout of community-embedded elderly service institutions. The long-term mechanism of community-embedded pension is discussed from three aspects: land security, supporting construction, and action subject. This study provides research basis and planning references for community-based elderly care planning of Chinese megacities.
关键词：社区嵌入式养老；养老服务机构；积极老龄化；广州市
Keyword: community-embedded elderly care; elderly service institutions; active aging; Guangzhou City
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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