社区客观与感知建成环境对居民心理健康的影响机制及差异——基于武汉市58个社区的研究
Study on the Influence Mechanism and Difference of Community Objective and Perceived Built Environment on Residents' Mental Health: Based on the Empirical Study of 58 Communities in Wuhan
彭建东
武汉大学城市设计学院 教授，博士
王 璇
武汉大学城市设计学院 硕士
摘要: 大城市的快速发展正改变社区建成环境，并影响居民心理健康。当前，客观与感知视角存在的心理健康效应差异尚未得
到充分探讨，且不同维度的邻里社会凝聚力是否均能作为中介仍需验证。以湖北省武汉市为例，从客观与感知对比的视
角出发，采用结构方程模型探索社区客观建成环境、感知建成环境与心理健康的关系，并探讨邻里依恋、邻里互动、社区
参与3个维度邻里社会凝聚力的中介效应。结果表明：（1）客观建成环境影响邻里依恋和互动后，再间接影响心理健康；
（2）感知建成环境可以直接或通过中介间接影响心理健康；（3）同一建成环境指标在客观和感知测量下产生不同的结
果，且感知建成环境的效应比客观建成环境更强。以期通过社区环境改善及社区建设，鼓励邻里社会交往，从而提升居
民心理健康水平。
Abstract: The rapid development of large cities is changing the built environment of communities and affecting the mental health of residents. At present, the differences in mental health effects between objective and perceptual perspectives have not been fully
explored, and whether different dimensions of neighborhood social cohesion can serve as mediators still needs to be verified. Based on this, this paper takes Wuhan City as an example, and uses the structural equation model to explore the relationship between community objective and perceived built environment and mental health from the perspective of contrast between objective and perception, and discusses the mediating effect of neighborhood social cohesion in three dimensions: neighborhood
attachment, neighborhood interaction, and community participation. The results show that: (1) The objective built environment
affects neighborhood attachment and interaction, and then indirectly affects mental health. (2) The perceived built environment
can affect mental health directly or indirectly through intermediaries. (3) The same built environment index produces different
results under objective and perceptual measurement, and the effect of perceived built environment is stronger than that of objective measurement. It is suggested that community environment improvement and community construction should be used
to encourage social communication in the neighborhood to improve the mental health level.
关键词：社区；环境心理；健康城市；结构方程模型；规划应对
Keyword: community; environmental psychology; healthy cities; structural equation models; planning response
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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