基于主客观评价的社区生活圈公共服务设施优化策略研究——以南宁市中心城区为例
Research on Optimization Strategy of Public Facilities in Community Life Circle Based on Subjective and Objective Evaluation: A Case Study of Nanning Central City
杨 辰
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，上海市城市更新及其空间优化技术重点实验室 副教授，博士生导师，博士
辛 蕾
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生
欧阳宏
南宁市城市规划编制研究中心副主任，高级规划师，硕士
梁立东
南宁市建筑规划设计集团有限公司总规划师，硕士
朱敏吉
南宁市良庆区住房和城乡建设局主任科员，硕士
摘要: 社区生活圈已成为当前“以人为本”理念下城市更新实施和评价的重要工具。然而传统的社区生活圈规划主要基于公共服务设施覆盖率和可达性等空间绩效评价方法，较少关注居民的实际生活体验和需求。以广西壮族自治区南宁市中心城区为例，通过社区居民满意度调查，根据客观评价（设施服务水平）和主观评价（居民满意度）之间的相关性程度，将公共服务设施分为强相关、中等相关、弱相关和不相关4种类型；进而根据各类设施的相关性特征及潜在影响因素，结合典型社区生活圈实地调研，提出社区生活圈公共服务设施的分类优化策略，以期为全国其他城市提供可借鉴的经验。
Abstract: The community life circle has evolved into a crucial instrument for executing and assessing urban regeneration within the current framework of a "people-centered" concept. However, with little consideration given to local life and resident demands, traditional design of public service facilities in the community life circle is mostly dependent on spatial performance evaluation methodologies such as facility coverage and accessibility. Using the central city of Nanning as an example, this paper introduces a community resident satisfaction survey and divides public service facilities into four categories based on the strength of correlation between the subjective evaluation (resident satisfaction) and the objective evaluation (quality of facility services): strong correlation, medium correlation, weak correlation, and irrelevance. Subsequently, considering the correlation characteristics of each facility type, potential influencing factors, and insights gained from field research in two representative communities, we aim to propose a strategy for classifying and optimizing public service facilities within the community life circle. The goal is to offer other cities nationwide experiences that can serve as reference points in their own urban development initiatives.
关键词：主客观评价；社区生活圈；公共服务设施；覆盖率；满意度
Keyword: subjective and objective evaluation; community life circle; public service facilities; coverage rate; satisfaction rate
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 基于多源数据的社区生活圈测度方法、影响机制与规划策略研究 52078351
上海市自然科学基金项目 多元价值导向下社区生活圈公共服务设施评价与配置方法研究 23ZR1468300
国家留学基金项目 202206265029
于一凡. 从传统居住区规划到社区生活圈规划[J]. 城市规划，2019，43（5）：17-22.
YU Yifan. From traditional residential area planning to neighborhood life circle planning[J]. City Planning Review, 2019, 43(5): 17-22.
廖远涛，胡嘉佩，周岱霖，等. 社区生活圈的规划实施途径研究[J]. 规划师，2018，34（7）：94-99.
LIAO Yuantao, HU Jiapei, ZHOU Dailin, et al. A study on the implementation approach of community life circle planning[J]. Planners, 2018, 34(7): 94-99.
徐磊青. 15分钟社区生活圈规划的方法、成果和难点[J]. 城市规划学刊，2020（1）：4-5.
XU Leiqing. Methods, achievements and difficulties in 15-minute community life circle planning[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2020(1): 4-5.
庄晓平，陶楠，王江萍. 基于POI数据的城市15分钟社区生活圈便利度评价研究——以武汉三区为例[J]. 华中建筑，2020，38（6）：76-79.
ZHUANG Xiaoping, TAO Nan, WANG Jiangping. The evaluation of the convenience of 15-minute community life circles based on POI data: taking three districts of Wuhan as an example[J]. Huazhong Architecture, 2020, 38(6): 76-79.
赵彦云，张波，周芳. 基于POI的北京市“15分钟社区生活圈”空间测度研究[J]. 调研世界，2018（5）：17-24.
ZHAO Yanyun, ZHANG Bo, ZHOU Fang. Spatial measurement of 15-minute community life circle based on POI in Beijing[J]. The World of Survey and Research, 2018(5): 17-24.
张纯，李晓宁，满燕云. 北京城市保障性住房居民的就医可达性研究——基于GIS网络分析方法[J]. 人文地理，2017，32（2）：59-64.
ZHANG Chun, LI Xiaoning, MAN Yanyun. Accessibility to health care service of the affordable housing residents in Beijing: base on GIS network analysis[J]. Human Geography, 2017, 32(2): 59-64.
CAMPBELL A, CONVERSE P E, RODGERS W L. The quality of American life: perceptions, evaluations, and satisfactions[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1976, 2(4): 694.
MARANS R W, RODGERS W. Toward an understanding of community satisfaction[J]. Metropolitan America in Contemporary Perspective, 1975, 1: 299-352.
邵磊，袁周，詹浩. 保障性住区公共服务设施的不同人群需求特征与满意度分析[J]. 规划师，2016，32（8）：106-111.
SHAO Lei, YUAN Zhou, ZHAN Hao. An analysis of the character and satisfaction of public housing service facilities for varied needs[J]. Planners, 2016, 32(8): 106-111.
翟宇佳，吴承照. 基于满意度的城市公园场地与设施配置定量研究——以上海市15座公园为例[J]. 中国园林，2021，37（9）：36-41.
ZHAI Yujia, WU Chengzhao. Quantitative distribution of urban park settings and facilities based on satisfaction: the cases of 15 parks in Shanghai[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2021, 37(9): 36-41.
张伟芳，史坤博，田新壮，等. 城市无障碍设施建设的满意度研究——以兰州市为例[J]. 世界地理研究，2017，26（5）：56-68.
ZHANG Weifang, SHI Kunbo, TIAN Xinzhuang, et al. Research on the satisfaction of Lanzhou's barrier-free facilities[J]. World Regional Studies, 2017, 26(5): 56-68.
何芳，李晓丽. 保障性社区公共服务设施供需特征及满意度因子的实证研究——以上海市宝山区顾村镇“四高小区”为例[J]. 城市规划学刊，2010（4）：83-90.
HE Fang, LI Xiaoli. Empirical study on demand and supply characteristics and satisfaction factors of public service facility in social housing community: a case study of Gucun Town Sigao Community in Baoshan Shanghai[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2010(4): 83-90.
闪晓光，李早. 基于决策树分析的居住区公共服务设施配置与居民满意度研究[J]. 合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版），2015，38（10）：1374-1380.
SHAN Xiaoguang, LI Zao. Public service facilities allocation and resident satisfaction research based on decision tree analysis[J]. Journal of Hefei University of Technology (Natural Science), 2015, 38(10): 1374-1380.
田学礼，赵修涵. 城市社区公共体育设施空间居民满意度调查研究——以广州市为例[J]. 广州体育学院学报，2018，38（4）：14-18.
TIAN Xueli, ZHAO Xiuhan. Investigation and study of residents' spatial satisfaction of public sports facilities in urban communities: case study of Guangzhou City[J]. Journal of Guangzhou Sport University, 2018, 38(4): 14-18.
魏伟，杨欢，陶煜. “城市人”视角下社区卫生服务设施的供需匹配分析及规划策略——以武汉市为例[J]. 现代城市研究，2020（5）：38-45.
WEI Wei, YANG Huan, TAO Yu. Analysis on the demand-supply matching of community health service facilities and planning strategies from the perspective of Homo-urbanicus: a case study of Wuhan[J]. Modern Urban Research, 2020(5): 38-45.
胡畔，丛喜静. 南京都市区公共服务设施满意度分异研究[J]. 规划师，2019，35（9）：64-70.
HU Pan, CONG Xijing. Differentiation of satisfaction on public service facilities, Nanjing[J]. Planners, 2019, 35(9): 64-70.
