城市低收入居民搬迁后就业响应及影响因素——基于情景分层的视角
Employment Response and Influencing Factors of Urban Low-income Residents after Relocation: From the Perspective of Situational Stratification
孔子然
合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院 硕士研究生
夏永久（通信作者）
安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院 教授
肖佳琦
合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院 硕士研究生
摘要: 中国城市经过40年的大规模空间调整导致城市居民不断迁移，而以住宅搬迁为主要内容的研究为城市空间结构和社会
空间重构提供了一个重要视角，其中低收入搬迁者由于在社会资源占有和环境适应能力上相对较弱，使得其就业及经
济收入成为关注焦点。利用2017年南京市绕城公路周边8个拆迁安置社区近千户家庭抽样问卷调查数据，从情景分层的
视角出发，采用多项Logistic模型回归方法针对低收入搬迁居民的就业响应及影响因素进行研究。研究发现，社会经济属
性、职业、职住距离是就业响应的显著影响因素，家庭因素的影响不显著。其研究结论对于正确认识搬迁对居民个体就
业产生的影响具有一定促进作用，以期理性认识转型期中国城市社会空间结构重构及其影响效应。
Abstract: The large-scale spatial adjustment of Chinese cities in the past 40 years has led to the continuous migration of urban residents, and the research on residential relocation provides an important perspective for the reconstruction of urban spatial structure and social space. Among them, the employment and economic income of the non-autonomous migrants have become the focus of attention due to their relatively weak possession of social resources and environmental adaptability. This paper uses households sampling survey data in eight resettlement communities around Nanjing Ring Road in 2017 and the method of Multinomial Logistic Regression Model from the perspective of situational stratification to study residents' employment response after the relocation and the influencing factors. The study finds out that social and economic attributes, occupation, and job-housing distance are significant influence factors, while the family factors are not significant. The conclusion of this study can promote the correct understanding of the impact of relocation on residents' employment, which is helpful to rationally understand the reconstruction of China's urban social space structure and its influence effects during the transition period.
关键词：搬迁；低收入居民；就业响应；影响因素
Keyword: relocation; low-income residents; employment response; influencing factors
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
高校优秀青年骨干人才国外访问研修重点项目 高校优秀青年骨干人才国外访问研修重点项目 gxgwfx2018044
MILTENBURG E M, VAN DE WERFHORST H G, MUSTERD S, et al. Consequences of forced residential relocation: early impacts of urban renewal strategies on forced relocatees' housing opportunities
and socioeconomic outcomes[J]. Housing Policy Debate, 2018, 28(4): 609-634.
MUSTERD S, PINKSTER F M. Unravelling neighbourhood effects: evidence from two European
welfare states[M]//DUYVENDAK J, HENDRIKS F, NIEKERK M. City in sight: Dutch dealings with urban
change. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2009: 41-59.
QUETULIO-NAVARRA M, NIEHOF A, HILJE V, et al. Short-term risk experience of involuntary resettled
households in the Philippines and Indonesia[J]. Habitat International, 2014, 41: 165-175.
YNTISO G. Urban development and displacement in Addis Ababa: the impact of resettlement projects
on low-income households[J]. Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review, 2008, 24(2): 53-77.
GEBRE H A. The impact of urban redevelopmentinduced relocation on relocatees' livelihood asset and
activity in Addis Ababa: the case of people relocated Arat Kilo Area[J]. Asian Journal of Humanities &
Social Studies, 2014, 2: 43-50.
CERNEA M M. The economics of involuntary resettlement: Questions and challenges[M]. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications, 1999.
DAY J, CERVERO R. Effects of residential relocation on household and commuting expenditures in
Shanghai, China[J]. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2010, 34(4): 762-788.
CHENG Z, GUO F, HUGO G, et al. Employment and wage discrimination in the Chinese cities: a
comparative study of migrants and locals[J]. Habitat International, 2013, 39: 246-255.
KAPSE V, POFALE A, MATHUR M. Paradigm of relocation of urban poor habitats (slums): case study
of Nagpur City[J]. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2012, 6(11): 2916-2923.
PATEL S, SLIUZAS R, MATHUR N, et al. The risk of impoverishment in urban development-induced
displacement and resettlement in Ahmedabad[J]. Environment & Urbanization, 2015, 27(1): 231-256.
何深静，刘臻. 亚运会城市更新对社区居民影响的跟踪研究——基于广州市三个社区的实证调查[J]. 地理研究，2013，32（6）：1046-1056.
HE Shenjing, LIU Zhen. A follow-on study on the impact of urban redevelopment on local residents
induced by the Asian Games: an investigation in three affected communities in Guangzhou[J]. Geographical
Research, 2013, 32(6): 1046-1056.
潘海啸，王晓博，DAY J. 动迁居民的出行特征及其对社会分异和宜居水平的影响[J]. 城市规划学刊，2010（6）：61-67.
PAN Haixiao, WANG Xiaobo, DAY J. Travel characteristics and its impact on social segregation and
urban livability[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2010(6): 61-67.
KOU Y. The impacts of urban renewal: the residents' experiences in Qianmen, Beijing, China[D]. Portland:
Portland State University, 2013.
王一波，章征涛. 大事件视角下城市更新的社会绩效评价——基于重庆主城更新后原住民的实证调
查[J]. 城市发展研究，2017，24（9）：插1-插6.
WANG Yibo, ZHANG Zhengtao. Research on social performance of urban redevelopment under the major
events: an investigation in affected communities in Chongqing[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2017,
24(9): colored pages 1-6.
曾德珩，陈春江，董茜月. 城市更新对旧城区原住居民职住关系的影响——以重庆市十八梯为例[J].
城市问题，2018（2）：6.
ZENG Deheng, CHEN Chunjiang, DONG Xiyue. The impact of urban renewal on the working and living
relationship of indigenous residents in old urban areas: Taking Shibati in Chongqing as an example[J]. Urban Problems, 2018(2): 6.
GOETZ E G. Relocation of residents from North Side public housing[R]. 2001.
XIE X B, PAN X F, DU K. Relationship between social mentality and urban social adaptation of new citizens
in the process of China's urbanization[J]. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 2014, 3(4): 92-98.
QIAN Z. Displaced villagers' adaptation in concentrated resettlement community: a case study of
Nanjing, China[J]. Land Use Policy, 2019, 88: 104097.
洪岩璧，曾迪洋，沈纪. 自选择还是情境分层?——一项健康不平等的准实验研究[J]. 社会学研究，2022，37（2）：92-113.
HONG Yanbi, ZENG Diyang, SHEN Ji. Selfselection or situational stratification? A quasiexperimental study of health inequality[J]. Sociological Studies, 2022, 37(2): 92-113.
