权衡稳粮和经济效益的村庄土地资源配置优化探索——以江苏省溧阳市H村为例

Exploration on the Allocation of Village Land Resources to Balance Grain Stability and Economic Benefits:A Case of H Village in Liyang City, Jiangsu Province

李 晴
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 副教授，硕士生导师

范晨璟
南京林业大学风景园林学院 副教授，硕士生导师

田 莉（通信作者）
清华大学建筑学院 教授，博士生导师

周 兰
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生

摘要: 权衡粮食生产和经济效益是粮食生产功能区农业空间优化的重要内容和挑战。首先建构基于粮食生产和经济效益的村庄土地资源配置分析框架；其次以溧阳市粮食生产功能区H村为例，从人、地、产等3方面分析H村面临的主要问题；最后从问题导向和目标导向出发，比较H村土地资源配置的5个情景。多情景评价模式有助于村庄规划的农业空间优化分析，廓清村庄发展的政策选择路径。研究得出如下结论：农业空间不同土地利用方式亩产收益的一般性排序为非农生产＞非粮生产＞粮食生产；粮食生产优先导向下应确保粮食生产规模，但农业现代化可能造成对老年劳动力的“挤出效应”；生态农业的经济效益和环境效益较好，具有地理品牌的生态农业的经济效益和环境效益则更好；农业空间优化需要把握小农生产与现代农业、土地流转与民生保障、非农就业与镇村融合等要素之间的关系。

Abstract: How to balance grain production and economic benefits is the important content and difficulty of agricultural space optimization of Grain Production Functional Areas in national spatial planning. This paper first constructs the analytical framework of village land resource allocation based on grain production and economic benefits. Then it takes H village in the functional area of grain production as an example to analyze the main problems faced by H village from the three aspects of people, land and production. Afterwards, it compares five scenarios of land resource allocation in H village on the basis of problem orientation and goal orientation. The research conclusions are as follows: the general order of the yield per mu from higher to lower of different land use modes in agricultural space is the non-agricultural economy, non-grain economy, and grain economy. Under the grain production mode, the cultivated land and grain planting sale are the largest, but the modernization of agricultural production may produce a "squeezing-out effect" on the "old labor force". The ecological agricultural mode has better economic and environmental benefits, and the ecological agricultural products with geographical brands have better economic and environmental benefits. Agricultural spatial optimization needs to grasp the relationship between small-scale peasant production and modern agriculture, land transfer and livelihood guarantee, non-agricultural employment and integration of towns and villages.

关键词：粮食生产；经济效益；土地资源；情景模式；村庄规划

Keyword: food production; economic benefits; land resource; scenario planning; village planning

中图分类号：TU984

文献标识码: A

资金资助

国家科技部十三五重大课题 村镇建设土地资源配置测算系统开发 2018YFD1100105

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