城市建成环境对老年人步行出行的影响分析* ——基于重庆市江北区12个住区的实证
Analysis of Urban Built Environment Influence on Walking in the Elderly: An Empirical Research Based on 12 Residential Areas in Jiangbei District, Chongqing
王莹亮
河南省城乡规划设计研究总院股份有限公司 高级工程师，硕士
彭慧蕴
西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院 讲师，博士，硕士生导师
谭少华
重庆大学建筑城规学院 山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 教授，博士生导师
倪 军
河南省城乡规划设计研究总院股份有限公司 教授级高级工程师
李 琪
河南省城乡规划设计研究总院股份有限公司 高级工程师，硕士
肖 健
中国城市规划设计研究院深圳分院 城市规划师，硕士
摘要: 适宜步行出行的城市建成环境能够一定程度上促进老年人的身心健康。探讨建成环境对老年人步行出行的影响要素、作用路径及规划干预，并通过实证研究验证影响老年人步行出行的建成环境要素。以重庆市江北区12个住区为例，通过问卷调查、GIS空间分析和现场勘测获取社会属性、步行行为和建成环境空间数据，运用SPSS软件进行相关性分析和回归分析，结果发现：路网连通性维度中路网密度、街区边长、交叉口密度3个因子，土地利用布局维度中土地利用混合度、公共交通场站密度2个因子，绿地及开敞空间维度中公园绿地用地面积比、绿色开敞空间密度2个因子是影响老年人步行出行的主要因素。在此基础上，提出路网连通性、土地利用布局、绿地及开敞空间3个维度的规划干预策略。
Abstract: An urban built environment suitable for walking can promote the physical and mental health of the elderly. This article explores the influence factors, action paths of the built environment and intervention strategies of urban planning on walking in the elderly, and verifies the built environment elements through empirical research. Taking 12 residential areas in Jiangbei District of Chongqing as a study case, the data of social attributes, walking behaviors and spatial data are obtained through questionnaire surveys, GIS spatial analysis and field investigation, using correlation analysis and regression analysis by SPSS. It is found that intersection density, road network density, and block side length of connectivity aspect, land use mix and public transportation station density of land layout aspect, and green open space density, ratio of green land of the green open space aspect are the main factors. Finally, this article proposes urban planning intervention strategies from road connectivity, land layout and green open space.
关键词：建成环境；老年人；步行；健康；城市规划
Keyword: built environment; the elderly; walking; health; urban planning
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金 “基于步行行为的主动式健康干预的住区环境研究” 51278503
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